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Hinduism The revival of Indian consciousness, of the greatness of its own philosophy of its glorious past as of today can now be witnessed after fifty years of Indian freedom Among the modern thinkers Dr. Radhakrishnan and Yogi Aurobindo, Maharsi Ramana and Maa Amritananad Mayai occupy unique place besides others active in the east and the west. The Mission Hinduism has a message for the world today. Mankind with all its material glory and scientific advancement today is feeling a void inwardly. Mutual distress, doubts, disbelief, and sense of loneliness, has resulted in loss of mental peace and equipoise, leading to an increasing number of suicides, rapes, divorces, drug-habits, over-indulgence in sex, and even militant violence and terror. It is the Hindu ideal of spirituality that withstands its challenge for the world. The Sanatana Dharma had always shown the light out of darkness and the Hindu philosophy takes into account the religions based on ignorance and wrong notions about the Supreme with determination to end hatred with love. Hate can not conquer itself. Terror and militancy can not be an end by itself. The all absorbing philosophy of Vedanta Brahmana is there to guide the world with the ideal of Ekam Sat, Viprah vividha vadanti. One has one day to believe that God is one and He is compassionate and benevolent for all without any favor or prejudice. The Hindus have to bear the responsibility with a missionary spirit and create a class of Aryans (Noble and Just people) in the world and this requires no proselytizing but love and mutual understanding. This thought is the new emerging philosophy of the age of modern people. Distinct Features of Indian Philosophy Some distinct attributes and characteristics common to all these philosophical thoughts are as below— 1- The Indian philosophy ‘is regarded as the goal of all the highest practical and theoretical activities and it indicates the point of unity amidst all the apparent diversities which the complex growth of culture over a vast area inhabited by different peoples produced. (4) Life and philosophy both remain guided by spiritual concentration, with the exception of Carvak. Material welfare has never been the goal of life. Man and Universe is looked upon not as physical in essence It deals with a world of here and now as well as with a world of hereafter. The real study of Indian philosophy is the study of its adherence to idea of all pervading unity of the spirit. 2-The Indian thought is practical. What is described in philosophical thought is practiced in actual life. It inter-relates theory and practice. Doctrine and life. So it is more a way of life. 3-Indian thought is universal. Renunciation of petty desires and subjugation of desires from the fruit of action are such universal values, devoid of any personal or ethical motives. Peace of mind and faith and striving for liberation is some of the values of life, desired by all of us in the world. 4- The word ‘Philosophy’ is derived from two Greek words; Philein, which means ‘to love’, and Sophia which means ‘wisdom’. Thus philosophy stands for the love of wisdom (5) India has the word Darshana that means ‘that which is seen‘. It stands for knowledge of the Self (Atman Vidya). Gaudapada and Samkar define philosophy thus: Philosophy is an interpretation of the totality of human experience or of the whole life from the standpoint of truth. Philosophy, therefore, is the whole of which religion mysticism, (yoga), theology, scholasticism; speculation, art, and science are but parts. Such philosophy or Vedanta as ignores any part or parts is no Vedanta. The object sought by the philosophy is the happiness (sukham) and welfare (hitam) of all beings (sarva sattva) in this world (ihaiva) (6) Western philosophy fails to recognize the transcendental consciousness and does not coordinate the three other states of consciousness. It is evident that both differ in outlook and attitudes toward life and world. The outer world with its physical appearance never attracted Indian thought. Though physical science was extremely developed here, much earlier than elsewhere in the world, it never remained India’ main concern. Politics never ruled over the minds of Indian people It was considered as a mere event, a seasonal one that was surely to pass away, the philosophy in Geeta relates to problems of life and politics, even recommends action and war. The Hindus were never close-minded to problems of people freedom and welfare The belief in reincarnation inspired them with confidence and freed them from any fear of death for a cause. The spirit ever remained alive though the body was subjugated. 5-The Indian thought is based on reason and introspection. Idealism is in its very nature. It tends towards monism and finds the Reality as ultimately one and spirit and spiritual. 6-It is based on unquestionable reasoning and the acceptance of intuition as the only way to know the ultimate reality. “Intellect is subordinated to intuition, dogma to experience, and outer experience to inward realization. Religion is not the acceptance of academic abstractions or the celebrations of ceremonies, but a kind of life or experience.’(7) We do not know but realize and see it. This is the source of India’s religious toleration and adaptability and as a result the declaration,’ Truth is one and the wise name it differently.’ 7- The most important side of Indian philosophy is its acceptance of the doctrine of Karma and Rebirth. 8- Indian
philosophy lays down the four goals of life---Dharma (duty) Artha
(Economic welfare) Kama (enjoyment of life) Moksha (salvation) It does
not ignore physical welfare, prosperity and merry making. rather deals
with all these in details, giving insight into the general welfare and
common good. January 15, 2006 References
The Week of January 15, 2006
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